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Introduction: Supernumerary teeth (ST) are dental anomalies presenting as extra tooth or teeth like structures that frequently cause complications.

Objective: The main objectives of this study were to describe the features of ST and assess the occurrence of complications using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Method: A retrospective chart review was conducted in CBCT records of non-syndromic patients with ST. Various parameters such as their occurrence and distribution with age, numbers, jaws, position, morphology, location, and complications were recorded. Data were analysed and descriptive statistics calculated.

Result: There were a total of 406 ST from 300 participants, of whom 99 (33%) had multiple ST. Most ST were located in the anterior maxillary region (375, 92.36%), placed palatally or lingually (272, 66.99%), and had a conical appearance (361, 88.92%), in the form of mesiodens (363, 89.41%). In total, 222 ST had complications, hence the occurrence of complications was calculated at 54.68% (95% CI: 49.84-59.52%). The most common complication was midline diastema (99, 24.38%) while rare complications included cyst formations (10, 2.46%) and ectopic eruptions such as ST close to the nasal cavity (23, 5.67%) and soft palate (2, 0.49%).

Conclusion: Conical shaped mesiodens were the most common type of ST. More than half of ST were associated with complications such as midline diastema, displacement of adjacent tooth, delayed eruption, rotation, cyst formation, and ectopic eruption. Therefore, careful examination of any suspected cases of ST, preferably with CBCT imaging should be advised for their early diagnosis and accurate localisation.

Complications; cone beam computed tomography; supernumerary teeth.